Veterinary 17 April 2026 8 min read

Veterinary Dispensing Compliance Software: VMR 2013, Record-Keeping and RCVS Inspections

The Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013 (VMR 2013) set out mandatory record-keeping requirements for every medicine dispensed from a UK veterinary practice. RCVS inspectors treat medicines records as a primary focus — practices with incomplete batch number records, missing prescriber details, or gaps in their controlled drug register face formal findings. Whether a practice handles this in a standalone dispensing system, within their PIMS, or in a spreadsheet significantly affects how reliably they can demonstrate compliance on inspection day.

Medicine classifications under VMR 2013

The Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013 classifies all veterinary medicines into categories that determine who can supply them and under what conditions. The main categories relevant to practice dispensing are:

Classification Full name Who can supply Prescription required
POM-V Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian Vet only (or pharmacist on written prescription) Yes — written Veterinary Prescription
POM-VPS Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, Suitably Qualified Person Vet, pharmacist, or SQP Yes — from prescriber
NFA-VPS Non-Food Animal – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, SQP Vet, pharmacist, or SQP No written prescription required
AVM-GSL Authorised Veterinary Medicine – General Sales List Any retail outlet No

For POM-V medicines — the category that covers antibiotics, controlled drugs, and the majority of prescription items dispensed in practice — a written or computer-generated prescription must exist for every supply. The prescription must be retained.

Mandatory record fields for dispensed medicines

For POM-V and POM-VPS medicines supplied from a veterinary practice, VMR 2013 specifies the minimum information that must be recorded at the point of supply:

  • Date of supply
  • Name of the veterinary medicine (approved name, not just brand)
  • Batch number
  • Quantity supplied
  • Name and address of supplier (wholesaler or manufacturer for purchases; practice details for dispensing)
  • Name and address of recipient (client)
  • Prescribing veterinary surgeon (name and RCVS number)
  • Species and identification of animal or herd/flock
Batch number is the most commonly incomplete field. In a paper-based or hybrid workflow, batch numbers are frequently omitted at the point of dispensing and cannot be retrospectively retrieved once stock has been consumed. RCVS inspection findings consistently identify missing batch numbers as a compliance gap. Software that makes batch number entry mandatory — not optional — removes this risk at source.

Five-year retention requirement

All dispensing records must be retained for a minimum of five years from the date of supply. This applies to both paper and electronic records. For practices using a PIMS, this means understanding how the system handles data retention if you switch supplier, migrate platforms, or close a site.

A practice that switches PIMS and migrates only active patient records — leaving historical dispensing data in a decommissioned system — may find itself technically non-compliant if those records become inaccessible before the five-year window has closed. Before any PIMS migration, confirm what happens to historical dispensing records and how they will remain accessible and retrievable.

Controlled drug records

Schedule 3 and Schedule 4 controlled drugs require additional record-keeping beyond the standard VMR 2013 requirements. The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 requires:

  • A bound controlled drug register (physical or electronic with audit trail)
  • Running balance recorded at each entry
  • Entries made at the time of each transaction — retrospective entries are a finding
  • Witnessed destruction for surrendered or expired CDs
  • Records retained for two years (though most practices retain for five for consistency with VMR)

Most PIMS platforms include a controlled drug register module. The key compliance question is whether the system enforces running balance calculation automatically, or requires manual entry that could be incorrect or omitted under clinical pressure.

Verbal prescriptions

VMR 2013 permits verbal prescriptions in genuine emergencies only. Where a verbal prescription is used, the practice must:

  • Make a written record of the verbal prescription at the earliest opportunity
  • State the reason why a written prescription was not obtained in advance
  • Retain this record for five years

In practice, verbal prescriptions should be exceptional. Practices using them routinely — for example, to streamline repeat dispensing — are not using them in compliance with the Regulations and would face a finding on inspection.

Annual stock audit

VMR 2013 requires that veterinary practices carry out an annual audit of their medicine stock. The audit should reconcile physical stock counts against purchase records and dispensing records. A system that generates a full audit report — purchases in, dispensed out, current stock on hand, discrepancies — makes this significantly less labour-intensive than a manual spreadsheet approach.

Practices that rely on manual stock management typically find audit day reveals discrepancies they cannot explain: product missing from shelves that never appeared in dispensing records, or vice versa. The explanations are usually mundane (clinical team bypassed the dispensing workflow during an emergency, stock moved between sites without being logged) but unexplained discrepancies on a controlled drug count are a serious inspection finding.

RCVS inspection focus: Inspectors treating medicines records as a "laser focus" area has been consistently reported by practices following RCVS practice standards inspections. Specific areas flagged: batch numbers incomplete, CD register not balanced after every entry, verbal prescription records missing the reason for verbal issue, and records not retained for the full five-year period.

How PIMS platforms handle dispensing compliance

The difference between dispensing compliance software done well and done badly is whether the system enforces correct data entry or merely provides fields for it. A form that includes a batch number field but allows it to be left blank is not a compliance tool — it is a liability record.

When evaluating any PIMS or standalone dispensing module, the questions to ask are:

  • Is batch number entry mandatory, or can dispensing records be saved without it?
  • Does the system prevent negative stock balances, or allow dispensing from stock that has not been receipted?
  • Is the CD register enforced at point of transaction, with automatic running balance?
  • Can the system generate an annual audit report that reconciles purchases, dispensing, and current stock?
  • What happens to historical dispensing records on PIMS migration — and who holds responsibility for access during the five-year retention period?

The leading platforms — ezyVet, Provet Cloud, and RxWorks — all include dispensing modules. What varies is how strictly they enforce these fields and how easily they generate audit-ready reports. Practices that have experienced an RCVS inspection with findings on medicines records typically report that the enforcement gaps were known workflow shortcuts that the system permitted rather than prevented.

Bespoke dispensing systems

For referral hospitals, multi-site groups, and practices with complex dispensing workflows (in-house pharmacy, multiple species, research programmes), the generic dispensing module in a standard PIMS may not provide the enforcement rigour or audit reporting needed. A bespoke dispensing compliance system built to the exact VMR 2013 requirements — with mandatory field enforcement, CD register automation, stock reconciliation, and five-year record archiving built in as architecture rather than optional features — removes the human workflow gaps that create inspection findings.